Periodontal Disease
“Peri” means around, and “odontal” refers to teeth. Periodontal diseases are infections of the structures around the teeth, including the gums, the cementum that covers the root, the periodontal ligament and the alveolar bone. In the earliest stage of periodontal disease, gingivitis, the infection affects only the gums. In more severe forms of the disease, All the supporting tissues are involved in more severe forms of the disease.
What Causes Periodontal Disease?
Periodontal disease is caused by bacteria in the dental plaque. Plaque is the sticky substance that forms on your teeth soon after you have brushed. In an effort to get rid of the bacteria, the cells of your immune system release substances that inflame and damage the gums, periodontal ligament or alveolar one. This leads to swollen and bleeding gums. Damage from periodontal disease also can cause teeth to become loose. This is a sign of severe periodontitis.
Periodontal disease can be prevented by practicing good oral hygiene and visiting your dentist regularly.Most people should see the dentist about once every six months. If you already have gum disease you may need to visit more often.
Daily brushing and flossing, when done correctly, can help to remove most of the plaque from your teeth. Professional cleanings by your dentist or dental hygienist will keep plaque under control in places that are harder for a toothbrush or floss to reach.
SYMPTOMS OF GUM DISEASE
- Constant bad breath
- Red or swollen gums
- Loose teeth
- Sensitive teeth
- Receding gums
- Pus around the teeth and gums
- Bleeding gums
